“FLASH OVER” ENCLOSED-SPACE FIRES

The course provides knowledge and techniques to extinguish fires in closed spaces and to evaluate how different phenomena might develop.

Theoretical aspects

• Pyrolysis
• Combustion (homogeneous and heterogeneous)
• Combustibles (characteristics of those which can be found in the most common fires)
• Combustion propagation (convection, conduction, irradiation)
• Heat and temperature
• Pre-mixed and spread flame
• Combustion products
• Dangers due to the products of combustion
• Combustion control system
• Flashover and Backdraft phenomena and their characteristics

Practical sessions

• Preparation activities out of the Flash-over simulator
• Test on fire extinction techniques which will be used inside the simulator
• Instructions on the imminent intervention simulation
• Pre-entry breathing

• Activities inside Flash-Over simulator:
• Positioning inside the simulator (the delegates will be led by the instructors in order to experience different situations inside the simulator)
• Combustible material triggering
• Combustion development observation (drying process, pyrolysis gas production, flame coloration and change in shades)
• Experience of a different heat perception (convection and irradiation)
• Neutral plan
• Combustion gases triggering to the ceiling (smoke fire simulation in safety and liveability conditions)
• Solid combustible remediation activities

Delegates will take part in the phenomenon observation without having a direct role

• Activities after the intervention

• PPE removal (they ensure top-level protection)
• Final debriefing

• Fire extinction techniques:
• Techniques: penciling, pulse, door procedure, painting, self-protection
• Correct water management technique used for gases and smoke cooling: direct and indirect application

• Activities inside the Flash-Over simulator

• Positioning inside the simulator (the delegates will be led by the instructors in order to experience different situations inside the simulator)
• Combustible material triggering
• Combustion development observation (drying process, pyrolysis gas production, flame coloration and change in shades)
• Experience of a different heat perception (convection and irradiation)
• Neutral plan
• Combustion gases triggering to the ceiling (smoke fire simulation in safety and liveability conditions)
• Use of fire extinction techniques (previously acquired)
• Activities to contrast fire
• Direct fire extinction attack on the combustible material

• Activities after the intervention

• PPE removal (they ensure top-level protection)
• Final debriefing

Weekly frequency

APT

Attendance of the course “Respiratory protective devices”

To provide knowledge and techniques to face up fires in enclosed spaces and evaluate all the possible phenomena

Instructors with multi-year experience in the petrochemical and petroleum fields, expert in operational practice and training activity in large industrial groups

Theoretical and practical aspects

Fire in enclosed spaces

Flash-Over simulator

Fire extinction techniques

2 entrances into Flash-Over simulator:

The first experience is conceived to verify the fire extinction techniques (with direct and indirect method) and it is led by the instructors

The second one is studied to let the delegates show the different techniques acquisition